Planification de la transition énergétique dans le secteur de l'habitat en Algérie La modélisation énergétique du stock résidentiel bâti comme outil d'aide à la décision

Abstract

Worldwide, energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions are at the heart of concerns, sparking international debates that are raising political awareness around the issue of energy efficiency. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), the final energy consumption in 2020 shows that residential buildings account for 20% of total energy consumption worldwide. Algeria is no exception, with 36% of energy consumption dedicated to the residential sector, compared to 30.6% and 22.7% consumed by the transport and industry sectors respectively, so the residential building stock represents the most energy-intensive sector on a national scale, but also an important source of energy savings. In this context, it is important to understand the dynamics and characteristics of the residential building stock and its energy consumption in a planned adaptation perspective to climate change. In order to meet the energy reduction targets set by the latest United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, existing studies seem to focus on modelling residential energy consumption to guide energy policies in developing appropriate scenarios for more sustainable cities. The development of such policies requires taking into account the characteristics of the existing housing stock as a whole in order to achieve national energy reduction targets. In the literature, energy consumption modelling is usually applied at the scale of a city, or a set of cities or provinces, using approaches with limited numbers, where the analysis of data is generally focused on a typical year, month or representative day symbolising seasonality, thus limiting the objective of having a holistic approach. Therefore, there is a need for a more comprehensive analysis than those carried out so far, in terms of the scale of the representative units of a country, the period of study, as well as the multidisciplinary character of combined approaches.