Qualité de la ventilation naturelle dans les Nouveaux logements collectifs Cas de la ville d'Alger

Abstract

Natural ventilation is a key issue in architectural design. Indeed, Man through time has always adapted to climatic conditions, and has always taken advantage of the potential of the forces of nature using passive devices, to create the most comfortable conditions inside of buildings, especially in houses. In Algeria, due to the mass production and standardization of collective housing, the comfort of habitations is overlooked, in particular air quality and ventilation related comfort. Our modest work follows this thematic; its main objective is to check the effectiveness of natural ventilation systems in collective dwellings, from new housing formulas in Algiers. The goal is to respond to this problematic, by performing a thermal air flow simulation on two dwellings: one receiving cross ventilation, and the other is a Single-side one, and this is to verify the effectiveness of refreshing ventilation in summer, then by carrying out a calculation method based on the regulatory technical document in order to verify the effectiveness hygienic ventilation in winter. The simulation results showed that the architectural typology and not taking into account the orientation relative to the prevailing winds have a negative impact on the effectiveness of ventilation in dwellings. In addition, the air speed and the depth of the air flow are significantly larger in the houses receiving cross ventilation. Concerning the calculation method, it proved that basic air flow rates related to hygienic ventilation are in accordance with the requirements of Algerian regulations. Thus, our work aims to highlight the optimization of natural ventilation in collective dwellings through the architectural configuration, in order to have a passive refreshment especially in the summer period.