Outil d’Evaluation de durabilité

Abstract

The fast growing of the cities and the systemic complexity of the urban interactions highlight the difficulty of the challenge of acting on urban fabric while fulfilling the requirements of the sustainable urban Development. With this intention, sustainable mobility is regarded as a strategic means to organize the various urban activities. Thus, the transport sector, by its infrastructures, occupies a place privileged in the urban life; it represents the whole of public spaces and social communication. Present research aims at determining the process of evaluation of sustainability which can lead to the requalification of the various spaces crossed, in particular the sustainable districts, by a new transport infrastructure in agreement with the objectives of sustainable development, through a multicriterion analysis. The tram as transport infrastructure is the object of our research. The exercise of this analysis enabled us to superimpose the requirements of sustainable development concerning the various space scales and the limits of influence of a new transport infrastructure on urban space, in order to highlight the interaction between a new line of tram and the urban changes of crossed spaces. The data of our analysis are translated into indicators of sustainability, which will be represented in the form of grid. The lines of the latter include the space scales of the city, the columns, as for them; include the imperative topics of sustainable development. The crossing of the lines/columns enables us to classify the indicators according to their relevance. This research task can be regarded as a test of application of the evaluation by a multicriterion method which we have, modestly, proposed through the various readings on foreign similar cases. This method was adapted to a question Algerian room and height of the level of a research of magister. The application of this method relates to the project of the tram of Algiers and aims at analyzing the contribution of this last on the requalification of the spaces crossed within a framework of durable urban development. The evaluation makes it possible to show the potentialities as well as the disfonctionnements tram in order to formulate a profile of durability compared to a situation of reference. Our methodological reflexion leads to the formulation of a basic process which helps the actors to set up a coherent and relevant evaluation for the future projects by regarding the project of the tram of Algiers as pilot project.