La photomodélisation comme outil d’aide au relevé des fissures et désordres du revêtement des façades des maisons de la Casbah d’Alger.

Abstract

Our built heritage is alterable; in the face of climatic and human factors, the Casbah of Algiers is now in a critical state, hence the need to plan restoration operations for the protection and conservation of this heritage. This alteration is presented through disorders and disasters manifesting at the level of the building, several pathologies make it possible to prevent its state of conservation and its degree of degradation and for this objective, we have established a list of possible pathologies to be constituted. To better understand the origins of the degradations and their causes and to arrive at a precise determination of the pathologies, the choice of pathologies for the study part is done, targeting the pathologies that are of a lifetable and measurable nature and in relation to typologies and materials characterizing our case study The choice has been focused on facade pathologies, which are the cracks and disorders of the coating (fall and detachment). A diagnosis of pathologies is required at the time of diagnosis, an essential step before any restoration or rehabilitation operation, even plans for classifications or preservation. In another aspect, technological progress has tested several digital rendering tools for the completion of these surveys. Since the traditional survey is the metric reading, which may accentuate the process of degradation of the building, and has limits of use in the face of inaccessible elements, other digital tools have been introduced to resolve these weaknesses. These tools are photomodeling, a digitization technique that gives the possibility of returning and recording a digital copy and informs the state of the building at a specific time, only through taking photographs. In a patrimonial vision, the present research concerns the realization of the survey of the pathologies of a façade of a patrimonial property on the basis of photographs taken and relying on software of photomodelization, we will be able to compare the results of the measurements with those established through the traditional technique of the technical survey, being the metric reading.