Les Structures textiles en architecture et leur intégration au contexte Algérien

Abstract

Today, fabric structures are a striking architectural trend around the world under the name of "textile architecture". The integration of textiles in architecture, including the processes, techniques and materials involved, has a long history that began from the first habitats of early civilisation, namely prehistoric tents that include Mongolian yurts, the North-American tipi and the Arabic black tent. As a result of technological advances, textile structures have come a long way and they are giving birth to large-scale architectural projects and complex shapes. Textile architecture through its structures have given birth to many architectural works around the world. Many features make textile structures very attractive to architects. They have many advantages, such as their large scale and simple construction requirements. They can also be easily disassembled and transported, which means they have many applications and uses. In addition, they are known for their safety and reliability, which makes them particularly attractive for large-scale structures. From an economic point of view, they are very energy efficient and relatively inexpensive to build. Thus, they have an aesthetic appeal and are considered as pieces of art. All the features mentioned represent the reason behind their use in construction projects, urban planning, historical project as well as in emergency projects. In addition, they allow a wide variety of applications. With the innovations and the development of the architectural technologies, more designs will begin to be integrated into modern building design. On the other hand, such architecture is almost absent in our local context and Algerian architectural production remains limited and conditioned by relatively traditional building materials and techniques. The aim is to form an information kit about textile architecture and demonstrate the ability to use textile materials in architecture as well as the different opportunities and innovative solutions they present. We try to put into practice the subject treated by proposing the integration of textile materials in local architecture in different projects going from the scale of the building to the urban planning. To conclude with a development of a guide that serves As a reference for architects and design engineers integrating textiles into their projects, this guide covers the different steps involved in creating a textile structure and summarizes the various information acquired.