es rapports dimensionnels entre le système décoratif en faîence et la composition architecturale des palais de l'époque ottomane d'Alger Cas d'études : péristyles et galeries des palais, Dar Mustapha Pacha et Dar Aziza

Abstract

Residences and palaces in Ottoman Era in Algiers are perceived as the most valuable patterns of architectural production at that time. These patterns were based on introverted morphologies which were results of irregular plots of urban vernacular fabric in that period. On the other hand, this architectural design is richly ornamented with following materials: enameled earthenware tiles, carved marble, woodworked pieces and carved stucco with (or without) apertures. This research objective aims this ornamental system through its components, particularly earthenware tiles. Moreover, we wish to demonstrate that connection (if there is one). Methodological aspect relies on documentation and bibliographical inquiry aiming a better identification of this ornamental system: Particularly the one concerned with imported (from other countries) earthenware tiles at the time of the commercial exchanges between Ottoman Empire and countries surrounding Mediterranean Sea. We plan also to prospect on site. Three parts organize this work: - The first is about introductive and methodological aspects of the subject. - The second will study different components of ornamental system in matter of time, shape and dimensions. This part will contain two chapters: a) Presentation of tiles specifying their origins, dating, types, dimensions and patterns of arrangements. b) Presentation of ornamental system components - The third part will try to demonstrate all possible metric and aesthetical correlations between ornamental system and architectural design. This part proposes case studies of two palaces, richly ornamented: one was built on 17th century and the other on 18th century. Their original ornamental system has had just a few transformations. We referred to several authors handbooks. We identified a large part of earthenware tiles made between 16th century and 19th century. We based our work on two “monographies” of two palaces which were subjects of master’s Degree researches. Metric and photographical surveys have been made: they led us to get to previously announced objectives in the introduction of our work.