Évaluation du confort thermique dans les bâtiments à usage du bureaux Etude comparative bâtiments annexe à la grande poste et bâtiments du siège social d’Algérie poste

Abstract

In addition to being a key parameter for defining the Interior environmental quality, thermal comfort is closely linked to the building’s energy performance. In fact, a comfortable thermal atmosphere contributes highly to minimizing energy consumption in a building. The Algerian situation in the subject stirs up a lot of attention due to a number of factors: The fact that building sector is responsible for over 43% of energy consumption, the constant growth in building stock and the lack of taking thermal comfort as a parameter in the construction process. Through this research, we aim to broaden the reflection on the quality of thermal comfort in the existing stock of office buildings in Algeria. Our questions are centered around the problem of the thermal environments' qualification and evaluation, the impact of the envelope performance on the thermal comfort of the building’s occupants as well as their judgment and perception of the latter. To achieve our objectives, we first tackled the concept of thermal comfort including its evaluation methods. Thereafter, we tried to explore the Algerian public policy regarding energy management in the building sector. We additionally looked more closely at the implementation of the thermal simulation tool RETA, which allows checking the compliance of a construction project with the new thermal regulation (DTR C3.2 / 4). This tool took part in our experiment on two office buildings related to different architectural periods: the colonial and the contemporary ones. In addition, a Post-Occupancy evaluation using a questionnaire survey was carried out with the two buildings’ occupants in order to explore their perceptions of the indoor thermal environment. The results enabled us to highlight a contrast between the occupants’ satisfaction regarding their indoor thermal environments on one hand, and the performance of the building's architectural envelope as to its compliance with the thermal regulation from another. Consequently, we were able to identify the possible factors of this contrast, and moreover, deduce the limits and the contributions of each of the two assessment tools we used. We finally strongly insisted on their complementarity.